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Titel
Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): Auspicious Microbial Macromolecules for Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications
Verfasser/ VerfasserinKoller, Martin
Enthalten in
Molecules: a journal of synthetic organic and natural product chemistry, 2018, 23 (2018), 2, S. 362-1-362-20
ErschienenBasel : MDPI, 2018
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MaterialOnline-Ressource
SpracheEnglisch
DokumenttypAufsatz in einer Zeitschrift
Schlagwörter (EN)biocompatibility / biodegradability / biopolyesters / biopolymers / composites / drug release / implants / polyhydroxyalkanoates / scaffolds / tissue engineering
ISSN1420-3049
URNurn:nbn:at:at-ubg:3-4851 
DOI10.3390/molecules23020362 
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Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are bio-based microbial biopolyesters; their stiffness, elasticity, crystallinity and degradability are tunable by the monomeric composition, selection of microbial production strain, substrates, process parameters during production, and post-synthetic processing; they display biological alternatives for diverse technomers of petrochemical origin. This, together with the fact that their monomeric and oligomeric in vivo degradation products do not exert any toxic or elsewhere negative effect to living cells or tissue of humans or animals, makes them highly stimulating for various applications in the medical field. This article provides an overview of PHA application in the therapeutic, surgical and tissue engineering area, and reviews strategies to produce PHA at purity levels high enough to be used in vivo. Tested applications of differently composed PHA and advanced follow-up products as carrier materials for controlled in vivo release of anti-cancer drugs or antibiotics, as scaffolds for tissue engineering, as guidance conduits for nerve repair or as enhanced sutures, implants or meshes are discussed from both a biotechnological and a material-scientific perspective. The article also describes the use of traditional processing techniques for production of PHA-based medical devices, such as melt-spinning, melt extrusion, or solvent evaporation, and emerging processing techniques like 3D-printing, computer-aided wet-spinning, laser perforation, and electrospinning.

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